How to get an ADHD or Autism Diagnosis in Canada as an adult?
For many adults in Canada, pursuing a diagnosis for ADHD or autism can be a complex and sometimes costly process. While early childhood assessments are often covered by provincial healthcare systems, adult diagnostic assessments are typically not. Understanding your options can help you navigate this process and make informed decisions about your healthcare.
Options for Diagnosis
Psychiatry Assessments
A psychiatrist is a licensed physician with extensive medical training in the causes, diagnosis, treatment and ongoing care of mental disorders. They can assess and diagnosis ADHD and or autism as well as prescribe medication. Assessments conducted by psychiatrists are usually covered by provincial healthcare. However, there are some important factors to consider:
A referral from a family physician is typically required.
Wait times can range from 6 to 12 months, sometimes longer.
Not all psychiatrists specialize in neurodevelopmental conditions, meaning they may not pursue these assessments or may not have the expertise to provide a comprehensive evaluation.
Psychology Assessments
Psychologists are regulated health care providers who typically require a doctoral degree (PhD). Psychologists study the human mind and behaviour and are able to assess and diagnoses mental health conditions, as well as provide therapy services.
Psychologists conduct some of the most thorough diagnostic assessments, often screening for other conditions and considering individual complexities.
These assessments are privately funded and range from $1,500 to $4,000.
Many private insurance plans (e.g., through your workplace) may cover part of the cost, but not all plans will cover the full amount.
Psychological assessments are widely recognized for eligibility for accommodations in workplaces and post-secondary institutions.
Nurse Practitioners
Nurse practitioners are registered nurses with additional education, advanced knowledge and nursing experience, and a specialty of practice. Some nurse practitioners (NPs) with specialized ADHD training can provide diagnostic assessments and prescribe medication for ADHD.
These assessments are often shorter and may not explore other potential co-occurring conditions.
They are usually not covered by provincial healthcare.
Costs typically range from $300 to $800, making this a more affordable option.
However, as they do not explore other psychological conditions they may recommend a psychology assessment after the NP assessment. They will usually try to screen for this prior to the assessment to confirm if you are eligible before proceeding. Additionally, some institutions (such as universities or government programs like the Disability Tax Credit) may not accept NP assessments for official accommodations.
Benefits of a Diagnosis
While receiving a formal diagnosis is not always necessary for accessing support, it can provide several benefits:
Access to accommodations: Schools, workplaces, and government programs often require a diagnosis for formal support.
Validation and self-understanding: A diagnosis often helps individuals make sense of past experiences and develop greater self-acceptance.
Targeted mental health support: Knowing your neurodivergent profile allows for therapies and interventions tailored to your needs.
Better coping strategies: Recognizing strengths and challenges enables individuals to approach life in a way that works for them rather than forcing themselves into neurotypical expectations.
What if You Don’t Have a Formal Diagnosis?
A formal diagnosis is not the only path to self-understanding and support. Many people identify as neurodivergent through self-diagnosis, which is widely accepted within neurodiversity-affirming communities.
Without a diagnosis, individuals can still:
Seek therapy, occupational therapy (OT), or coaching to manage challenges and develop supportive strategies.
Advocate for accommodations based on symptoms and challenges rather than a formal label (though some institutions may require a diagnosis).
Build self-acceptance by learning to honor their needs and experiences, even in the face of past invalidation.
Other Options:
Seeking an ADHD or autism diagnosis as an adult in Canada has both challenges and benefits. Whether through formal diagnosis or self-identification, recognizing and embracing neurodivergence is a crucial step toward feeling well, managing burnout, and living an authentic life.
If a formal assessment is not accessible, there are still many ways to seek support and cultivate self-understanding. A neurodivergent-affirming provider will listen to you and your symptoms, and best support you to manage these symptoms and challenges, regardless of your diagnosis.
If you are looking for a neurodivergent-affirming provider in your area, reach out to our team and we would be happy to suggest some options.
